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The pieces are K, Q, B, N, R. Pawns usually aren't named, but
can be called P.
The 64 squares have each have a name, consisting of one letter and
one number. "a1" is closest to you on the left corner, if you have
the White pieces. "h1" is the corner on your right. If you are
White, your king is on e1 and your queen is on d1 to start the game.
Black has the king on e8 and the queen on d8.
Piece moves are designated by the piece letter, an 'x' if it's a
capture, and the destination square, e.g. Nf3 or Qxb2. In some
cases the origin file and/or rank is given to disambiguate which
piece is moving. Castling is denoted O-O or O-O-O. Pawn moves
forward are denoted simply by the destination square. Pawn captures
are denoted by the origin file, an 'x', and the destination square.
A pawn promotion move has =Q =N =R or =B appended to that.
Checking moves have a + at the end, checkmate moves a #.
The ICC server accepts many abbreviations and variants on this
notation when you are entering moves. Some of these non-standard,
e.g. if you have only one legal capture, you can just type "x".
Also, the simple origin-destination notation is accepted, e.g. e2-e4.
Case is usually ignored.